farnoosh zanghishe; mohammad mehdi moeini; Fardin Hozhabri
Volume 25, Issue 2 , July 2023, , Pages 155-168
Abstract
Introduction Efficient management methods should be used to achieve optimal production of livestock products in breeding, reproduction and feeding stages. If proper nutritional management is not performed correctly at the end of pregnancy, it will have adverse effects on the amount of dry matter intake ...
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Introduction Efficient management methods should be used to achieve optimal production of livestock products in breeding, reproduction and feeding stages. If proper nutritional management is not performed correctly at the end of pregnancy, it will have adverse effects on the amount of dry matter intake and the metabolic condition of the animal during early lactation. In all animal tissues, there are variable proportions of mineral elements and vitamins; the concentration of these elements must be within the specified range in order to protect the functional and structural activity of the tissues and to keep the growth, health and productivity of the animal without reduction or damage. Materials and Methods In order to evaluate the effects of selenium and vitamin E supplements administered orally or by injection in late pregnancy on the concentration of selenium, copper, zinc and iron in the blood and milk of ewes and the blood of their lambs this experiment were conducted using 18 pregnant ewes of the first lambing in a completely randomize design with three treatments and six replications. Experimental treatments included: 1) Control (receiving a dose of 10 ml of selenium and vitamin E supplement by injection two weeks before delivery; each ml contains 0.5 mg of sodium selenite and 50 mg of vitamin E). 2) selenium and vitamin E (receiving 0.3 mg of selenium and 50 mg of vitamin E mixed with diet daily per kilogram of dry matter intake) orally from four weeks before delivery and, 3) Injection of 10 ml selenium and vitamin E supplement in two stages including four weeks before calving (five ml) and two weeks before calving (five ml).The Blood samples were collected from the ewes before the administration of supplements and at the time of delivery. Blood was collected from newborn lambs before consuming colostrum and 14 days after birth. Selenium, copper, zinc and iron concentrations were measured in colostrum and milk. Results and Discussion The results of the experiment indicated that the average weight of the ewes two weeks after lambing for ewes that received selenium and vitamin E orally was higher than the control (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the concentration of iron, copper and zinc in the blood serum of ewes or lambs. The concentration of selenium in the serum of ewes and their lambs and the colostrum of ewes that received selenium and vitamin E orally was higher than other ewes. No significant difference was observed between the experimental treatments in terms of the average body condition score (BCS) until the time of delivery, but two weeks after delivery, BCS in the orally supplement of selenium and vitamin E treatment was higher than that of control group.
Conclusion The results of the present study showed that in order to improve the status of selenium in livestock and the convenience of supplement administration, the use of orally selenium and vitamin E supplements is preferred by its injection method.
sofi darabi; mohammad moeini; Manouchehr Souri; Mohammad Ebrahim Nooriyan Soroor; abdolhamid papzan
Volume 22, Issue 3 , September 2020, , Pages 357-364
Abstract
Present study was designed to investigate the effect of Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus) extract on performance and some blood and anti-oxidantparameters of Sanjabi lambs. Eighteen Sanjabi lambs were randomly allocated to three experimental treatments with six replicates in each individualcage for 75 days. ...
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Present study was designed to investigate the effect of Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus) extract on performance and some blood and anti-oxidantparameters of Sanjabi lambs. Eighteen Sanjabi lambs were randomly allocated to three experimental treatments with six replicates in each individualcage for 75 days. The experimental treatments were: 1) control group including basal diet without Artichoke extract, 2) basal diet plus 5 ml ofartichoke extract, and 3) basal diet plus 10 ml of artichoke extract per kilogram dry matter. The blood samples were collected from jugular vein oflambs before feeding at morning monthly. The concentration of glucose, cholesterol, total protein, urea, albumin, and the activity of glutathioneperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase enzymes and malondialdehyde were measured. The results of thisexperiment showed that artichoke extract had no significant effect on lambs' performance and growth parameters, but significantly decreased bloodconcentration of cholesterol, triglyceride and malondialdehyde index at the level of 10 ml extract per Kg/DM of diet. The urea and cholesterolconcentrations affected by time and at days 40 of experiment, the amount of this parameters was lower than other times. In general, it can beconcluded that artichoke extract at the level of 10 ml extract had no significant effect on average daily gain and growth performance of lambs butimproved some blood parameters.
Elham Nadri; Fardin Hozhabri; Mohammad Mehdi Moeini
Volume 22, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 223-235
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of cobalt on performance, some blood and ruminal fermentation parameters an experiment was performed using 24 three to four months old male lambs, with an average weight of 30 kg in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of cobalt on performance, some blood and ruminal fermentation parameters an experiment was performed using 24 three to four months old male lambs, with an average weight of 30 kg in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The experimental treatments consisted of: basic diet (control; containing 0.083 mg cobalt /kg DM); basal diet + 0.2 mg Cobalt /kg DM, basal diet + 0.4 mg cobalt /kg DM, and basal diet + 0.6 mg / kg of cobalt. In order to determine blood parameters on days 0, 45, 70, blood samples were collected from jugular vein and ruminal fluid through the esophagus were taken to evaluate ruminal fermentation parameters. Cobalt supplement had no significant effect on daily gain, dry matter intake, feed conversion ratio, serum B12, cholesterol, triglyceride and albumin and also alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase. Ruminal ammonia concentration increased at the level of 0.2 and 0.4 (P<0.05), but concentration of volatile fatty acids, rumen pH and protozoan population did not influence. The concentrations of cobalt, iron, zinc and copper minerals were not affected by treatments. The results of the present study showed that adding cobalt supplementation to the diet up to the level of 0.6, despite limited changes in some blood and ruminal parameters did not have a significant effect on the performance of lambs; it seems that the cobalt in the basic diet could be sufficient for the cobalt requirements of growing Sanjabi lambs.
Farzo Allah Mostafaei; Mohammad Ebrahim Nooriyan Soroor; mohammad moeini
Volume 21, Issue 1 , April 2019, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of adding of dried Molasses Distillers Condensed Soluble with bran (MDCS+B) to diets on growth performance, fermentation parameters, protozoa population and some blood biochemical parameters of fattening lambs. Twenty-one Mehraban male lambs (Weight average ...
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This study was conducted to determine the effect of adding of dried Molasses Distillers Condensed Soluble with bran (MDCS+B) to diets on growth performance, fermentation parameters, protozoa population and some blood biochemical parameters of fattening lambs. Twenty-one Mehraban male lambs (Weight average 35 ± 0.5) and 4 month age old were used in 3 treatments for 74 (14 days adaptation and 60 days experiment) days in randomized completely design. Lambs were offered either MDCS+B (control, CON) or the concentrate supplemented with 25 % MDCS+B; or 50% MDCS+B. Lambs were weighed at weekly intervals and blood samples were collected on days 30 and 60 .The rumen fluid samples were collected on days 60 during the fattening period. The results showed that dry matter intake were not different between dietary treatments at second month and total period of experiment as compared to the control group. The addition of MDCS + B at level of 25% increased ruminal ammonia concentration by 10.35% (P=0.054) and total rumen volatile fatty acids concentration increased by 46 % as compared to the control group (P= 0.016). The total protozoa population were not influence by MDCS+B. The price of each kilogram of ration for 25 and 50% MDCS + B were 74 and 155 Tomans respectively, when compared with the control group. The overall results of this study showed that the use of MDCS + B reducing feed costs and can be used up to 50% of concentrate.
syros ferasati; mohammad moeini; fardeen hozhabri; fazaeli
Volume 19, Issue 3 , November 2017, , Pages 569-584
Abstract
In order to determine the effects of hydraulic press pressure in the complete feed blocks (CFBs) machinery, with the pressure dwell time and forage particle size on durability, particles abscissionand storage of blocks using a completely randomized design (12 treatments and 10 replications)with factorial ...
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In order to determine the effects of hydraulic press pressure in the complete feed blocks (CFBs) machinery, with the pressure dwell time and forage particle size on durability, particles abscissionand storage of blocks using a completely randomized design (12 treatments and 10 replications)with factorial arrangement current experiment was conducted. The factors were: two levels of 200 and 220 bar hydraulic pressures in CFB machinery, three levels of 5, 17 and 30 sec dwell time along with two particle sizes (alfalfa hay and wheat straw) of short (average 10 mm) and long (average 30 mm) using forage to concentrate ratio of 45:55. Complete feed blocks with long or short particles with press pressure of 220 bar and dwell time of 30 sec had higher durability andCFBs with long or short particles with press pressure of 220 bar and dwell time of 17 sec had minimum and maximum of particles abscission, respectively (P<0.05). There was a linear relationship between the durability and density of CFBs (P=0.001, r=0.74). With increasing the hydraulic pressure, the evaporation percent of moisture in the blocks containing long particles increased (P<0.05), resulted in non-proliferation of mold colonies after 35 days of storage; but corresponding parameter in the blocks containing short particles decreased and hence the number of visible mold colonies increased (P<0.05).It can be concluded that, in term of durability percentage and storage capability of CFBs, blocks manufacturing with an average 10 and 30 mm under mentioned conditions of pressure and dwell time was not suitable and it seems blocks under conditions of an average forage particle size of more than 10 and less than 30 mm, but hydraulic pressure of 220 bar and dwell time of 5 seconds could be optimum.
Mohammad Ebrahim Nooriyan Soroor; Mohammad Ebarhim Nooriyan Soroor; Mohammad Mahdi Moeini
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 729-740
Abstract
Effects of ethanol and acetone extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra at six levels (0, 50, 100, 200,300 or 500 µl) were evaluated on gas production process, ruminal fermentation and protozoa population in Markhoz goat. The gas production was conducted by alfalfa substrate using compiled randomized design ...
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Effects of ethanol and acetone extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra at six levels (0, 50, 100, 200,300 or 500 µl) were evaluated on gas production process, ruminal fermentation and protozoa population in Markhoz goat. The gas production was conducted by alfalfa substrate using compiled randomized design with five replications in each treatment. The fermentation parameters, methane, partitioning factor (PF) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were recorded. The gas production in 24 h was increased in all levels of both extracts (P˂0.01). The methane production decreased in ethanol extract (P˂ 0.05) however, it was increased by acetone extract at level of 300 and 500 µl (P˂0.01). The organic matter degradability was improved by addition of both extracts (P˂0.01). The Ammonia was declined by ethanol extract (P˂ 0.01). The PF and microbial mass production were decreased by inclusion of both extract, however the VFA and metabolizable energy were enhanced at all levels of both extracts (P˂0.01). All subfamily (except Diplodiniinae)and total protozoa population were decreased by both extracts. It can be concluded that ethanol and acetone extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra has the potential to improve degradability and were decreased methane production and protozoa population of goat rumen.
Ali Khezrian; Mohammad Ebrahim Nooriyan Soroor; Mohammad Mahdi Moeini
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 477-490
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Mentha longofolia plant (MLP) and its essential oils (MLE) on ruminal fermentation and protozoa population in goat. The MLP at six levels 0, 25, 35, 55, 75 and 100 mg/30 ml, and the essential oil at six levels 0, 1700,3000,6700,8300 and 10000 mg/L ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Mentha longofolia plant (MLP) and its essential oils (MLE) on ruminal fermentation and protozoa population in goat. The MLP at six levels 0, 25, 35, 55, 75 and 100 mg/30 ml, and the essential oil at six levels 0, 1700,3000,6700,8300 and 10000 mg/L plus monensin (as positive control, 50 mg and dissolved in ethanol) added to rumen fluid respectively. The in vitro gas production was conducted by compiled randomized design with five replications for each treatment. The gas production was decreased at levels of 75 and 100 mg of MLP (p˂0.001). Organic matter degradability was reduced (p˂0.001) at 75 and 100 mg levels respectively of MLP compared to control. Ammonia nitrogen concentration was decreased (p˂0.001) at all levels of MLP compared with control and monensin treatments. However, partition factor was increased (p˂0.001) only at 100 mg of MLP. The efficiency of microbial protein production was increased (p˂0.001). The metabolisable energy and net energy lactation were decreased (p˂0.001) by inclusion MLP at two level of 75 and 100 mg as total volatile fatty acids reduced, compared with control treatment. The total protozoa and subfamily of Entodinninea were declined (p˂0.001) at all levels of MLP compared with control and positive control treatments. The parameters of methane production, ammonia N and protozoa population were reduced (p˂0.001) by all levels of MLE. The efficiency of microbial protein production was enhanced (p˂0.001).Results suggest that the methane gas production, ammonia N and protozoa populations were reduced in both MLP and MLE and improved partition factor and microbial protein production.
Negin Jamali Emam Gheis; Ali Sadeghisefidmazgi; Mohammad Mehdi Moeini
Volume 15, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 21-29
Abstract
In this study, somatic cell counts (SCC) of milk were determined in six industrial and traditional dairyfarms in Tehran province during different seasons. The prevalence of udder disorders and mastitis wasestimated on the base of SCC as an indicator as well. In this research, industrial and traditional ...
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In this study, somatic cell counts (SCC) of milk were determined in six industrial and traditional dairyfarms in Tehran province during different seasons. The prevalence of udder disorders and mastitis wasestimated on the base of SCC as an indicator as well. In this research, industrial and traditional dairyfarms during 9 months were studied by total 32620 SCC records. Milk samples were collectedindividually. Least square mean (±standard error) (n×1000 per ml) in industrial and traditional culturesystems were 80.11 (±12.60) and 234.57 (±12.97), respectively. The SCC in traditional dairy farms wasapproximately 2.9 times higher than those of industrial ones (P<0.05). The highest SCC was found insummer that was statistically different from spring and autumn (P<0.05). In industrial dairy farms, subclinicaland clinical mastitis were estimated to 36.6 and 11.8%, respectively. The corresponding valuesfor traditional ones were 59.6 and 34.7%, respectively. The results showed that if the SCC decreases by ahalf, mastitis disease incidence would be reduced up to 30-50 percent.